Today is the 94th anniversary of the murders of Tsar Nicholas, the last monarch of Russia, and his family at the hands of the Bolsheviks. I had never thought much about this crime, nor of the ...

John Tenniel. Cartoon. Punch. March 11, 1855 After Czar Nicholas I died on March 2, 1855, his son, Alexander II, succeeded him on the throne. Here Alexander is shown inheriting the war started by his ...

The Empire did not have an elected parliament (until 1905) and there were no elections for positions in the government. There were no legal or constitutional methods by which Tsarist power could ...

Tsar Nicholas II was unable to rule effectively. He made poor decisions that led to worsening relations with the government and increased hardship for civilians and soldiers alike. Nicholas ...

Portrait of Czar Nicholas I in The Illustrated London News. This formal portrait provides a sharp contrast to the way Czar Nicholas I was depicted in the satirical press. Richard Cobden, a leading ...