Roman proconsul Julius Caesar conducts a series of military campaigns ... a decision that will lead to civil war. 49 B.C. As Caesar advances on Rome, Pompey and his allies retreat south ...

A superb general and politician, Julius Caesar (c ... he led his troops across the Rubicon River into Italy and started civil war. Caesar scored some early victories and, by 46 BC, was dictator ...

His prospects were bleak: Rome was dangerous, engulfed by civil war between power-hungry factions. One of these was led by his great-uncle, Julius Caesar. Then Augustus got a lucky break.

New York & Oxford: Osprey Bloomsbury, 2023. pp. 144. Illus., maps, chron., personae, biblio., index. $20.00 paper. ISBN: 1472855078 A Very Good Overview of the Roman ...

Julius Caesar had become Rome’s first dictator ... returned to Italy by crossing the Rubicon River, thus prompting a civil war by defying the republic’s ban on posting Roman troops domestically.

Instead, Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon in 49 BCE, igniting a civil war. For five years, Caesar and Pompey’s forces fought ...