China is benefiting as the U.S. hits Canada and Mexico with tariffs, sparking retaliatory measures, according to one Brookings Institute expert.

The nation’s top three trading partners are rolling out levies on a wide range of products, including soybeans, meat and grains, in the escalating trade war.

The tariff actions, which could upend nearly $2.2 trillion in two-way annual U.S. trade, went live hours after Trump declared that all three countries had failed to do enough to stem the flow of the deadly fentanyl opioid.