Plants produce a wide diversity of compounds. Broadly, these are separated into primary metabolites, which are necessary for ...

Arthritis was induced in mice exposed to high blood levels of homocysteine. Hyper-homocysteinemia arthritic animals develop diastolic dysfunction (the left ventricle does not dilate properly) with ...

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Copine-6 is a calcium-sensitive phospholipid-binding protein of the evolutionarily conserved Copine family. In the central nervous system, Copine-6 regulates function of some neurotransmitter ...

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a common female-biased disease. ME/CFS diagnosis is hindered by the absence of biomarkers that are unaffected by patients’ low physical ...

Plants that germinate in subterranean darkness grow heterotrophically from seed reserves. Under these conditions, hypocotyls elongate rapidly to reach the soil surface and ensure survival, while the ...

The NF-κB activation pathway is based on two fundamental processes. One pathway proceeds by proteolytic degradation of inhibitory IκB proteins, which retain NF-κB DNA-binding subunits in the cytosol.

During seedling deetiolation, plants adjust their development to expose photosynthetic tissues to sunlight, enabling the transition from heterotrophic to autotrophic growth. While various plant ...

The well-studied NF-κB signaling system is a key mediator of the inflammatory response. Large-scale sequencing studies in humans now allow initial insights into non-essential human genes in which both ...

Fungal infections and autoimmunity share a complex, bidirectional relationship that significantly impacts patient outcomes. Emerging evidence highlights how fungal pathogens contribute to autoimmune ...